The Command to fear Allah and remember the Day of Resrrection
Here Allah warns people about the Day of Resurrection, and commands them to fear Him and remember the Day of Resurrection when
no father can avail aught for his son
In other words, even if he wanted to offer himself as a sacrifice for his son, it would not be accepted from him.
The same will apply in the case of a son who wants to sacrifice himself for his father -- it will not be accepted from him
Then Allah reminds them once again with the words
let not then this present life deceive you
that is do not let your feelings of contentment with this life make you forget about the Hereafter.
nor let the chief deceiver deceive you about Allah.
According to Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Ad-Dhak and Qatadah, the above refers to the Shaytan
The Shaytan makes promises to them and arouses in them false desires, but there is no substance to them
As Allah says
He makes promises to them, and arouses in them false desires; and Shaytan's promises are nothing but deceptions.
As recorded by Ibn Abi Hatim, Wahb bin Munabbih said: `Uzayr, peace be upon him, said: "When I saw the misfortune of my people, I felt very sad and distressed, and I could not sleep, so I prayed to my Lord and fasted, and I called upon Him weeping. There came to me an angel and I said to him: `Tell me, will the souls of the righteous intercede for the wrongdoers, or the fathers for their sons' He said: `On the Day of Resurrection all matters will be settled, and Allah's dominion will be made manifest and no exceptions will be made. No one will speak on that Day except with the permission of the Most Merciful. No father will answer for his son, or any son for his father, or any man for his brother, or any servant for his master. No one will care about anybody except himself, or feel grief or compassion for anyone except himself. Everyone will be worried only about himself. No one will be asked about anybody else. Each person will be concerned only about himself, weeping for himself and carrying his own burden. No one will carry the burden of another."
None can reveal its time but He
Similarly, no one but Allah knows when rain will fall, but when He issues the commands, the angels who are entrusted with the task of bringing rain know about it, as do those among His creation whom He wills should know. No one but He knows what is in the wombs of what He wants to create, but when He decrees whether it is to be male or female, and whether it is to be blessed or doomed, the angels who are entrusted with that know about it, as do those among His creation whom He wills should know. No one knows what he will earn tomorrow with regard to this world or the Hereafter.
and no person knows in what land he will die.
in his own land or elsewhere, in some other land. No one knows this.
And with Him are the keys of the Unseen, none knows them but He.
It was reported in the Sunnah that the above five things are called the Keys of the Unseen. Imam Ahmad recorded that Buraydah said that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say:
Hadith
There are five things which no one knows except Allah: (Verily, Allah, with Him is the knowledge of the Hour, He sends down the rain, and knows that which is in the wombs. No person knows what he will earn tomorrow, and no person knows in what land he will die. Verily, Allah is All-Knower, All-Aware.)
The Hadith of Ibn `Umar
Imam Ahmad recorded that Ibn `Umar said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
As only recorded by Al-Bukhari in his Sahih in "Book of the Rain Prayer", The Keys of the Unseen are five, which no one knows except Allah: (Verily, Allah, with Him is the knowledge of the Hour, He sends down the rain, and knows that which is in the wombs. No person knows what he will earn tomorrow, and no person knows in what land he will die. Verily, Allah is All-Knower, All-Aware
The Hadith of Abu Hurayrah
In his Tafsir of this Ayah, Al-Bukhari narrated from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was standing before the people one day when a man came to him and said, `O Messenger of Allah, what is Iman' He said:
Iman is to believe in Allah, His Angels, His Books, His Messengers and in the meeting with Him, and to believe in the Resurrection in the Hereafter
Then the man said: O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam?
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said
Islam is to worship Allah Alone and not associate anything in worship with Him, to establish regular prayer, to pay the obligatory Zakah, and to fast in Ramadan
Then the man said what is Ihsan?
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said
Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, then He sees you.
Then he said O Messenger of Allah, when will the Hour come
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said
(The one who is asked about it does not know more than the one who is asking, but I will tell you of some of its signs: when the servant woman gives birth to her mistress, that is one of its signs; when the barefoot and naked become leaders of the people, that is one of its signs. The timing of the Hour is one of the five things which no one knows except Allah: (Verily, Allah, with Him is the knowledge of the Hour, He sends down the rain, and knows that which is in the wombs....))
Then the man went, and the Prophet of Allah said
Bring him back to me
They went to bring him back, but they could not find him. Then the Messenger of Allah said
That was Jibril who came to teach the people their religion
and no person knows in what land he will die
Qatadah said ,"There are some things which Allah has kept to Himself, and they are not known to any angel who is close to Him or any Prophet who was sent by Him.
Verily, Allah, with Him is the knowledge of the Hour,
no one among mankind knows when the Hour will come, in which year or month, or whether it will come at night or during the day.
He sends down the rain
and no one knows when rain will come, night or day.
and knows that which is in the wombs.
No one knows what is in the wombs, male or female, red or black, or what it is.
No person knows what he will earn tomorrow
whether it will be good or bad. You do not know, O son of Adam, when you will die. You might die tomorrow, you might be stricken by calamity tomorrow.
and no person knows in what land he will die.
no person knows where his resting place will be, on the land or in the sea, on a plain or in the mountains
Hadith
If Allah wants to take a person's soul in a particular land, He will give him a reason to go there.
As reported in Al-Mu`jam Al-Kabir, Al-Hafiz Abu Al-Qasim At-Tabarani recorded that Usamah bin Zayd said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
Allah does not will that a person should die in a certain land but He gives him a reason to go there.