In usul al-fiqh (principles of Islamic Jurisprudence), scholars generally work with four main sources:
=> The primary and highest authority
=> Direct word of Allah swt
=> Any ruling must align with this
=> The teachings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet ﷺ.
=> Explains and adds detail to the Qur'an
=> Second in authority
=> This means agreement of qualified scholars on a ruling
=> Once a true consensus is established, it is considered binding
Example
The exact number of daily prayers (5) is not explicity detailed in one verse, but agreed upon through Sunnah and accepted consensus.
IJMA' IS ABOUT AGREEMENT, NOT REASONING BY COMPARISON
=> Qiyas (القياس) is an Arabic word that literally means "measurement", "comparison", or "ananlogy"
=> Used when no direct exists in Quran or Sunnah
=> Understanding the concept of Qiyas is very important. Many non-qualified scholars use Qiyas to justify certain aspect of the Islamic Law and name themas Halal or haram.
=> Qura'an & Sunnah -> Sources
=> Ijma & Qiyas -> Methodology/Tools
=> Ijtihad -> The act of using those tools
If the scholar performs Ijtihad, One result of that effort might be using qiyas and if Scholars agree, it can become ijma
In Summary
Qur'an -> Revelation => Primary Source
Sunnah -> Prophet's teachings => Explanation of Qur'an
Ijma' -> Scholarly consensus => Agreement-based ruling
Qiyas -> Analogy => Reason-based ruling
Ijtihad -> intellectual effort => process of deriving rulings
A complete reference list of scholars are here. These are well known scholars I have used in building this library.
First, I would like to thank Allah swt for giving me this opportunity to compile this book of Knowledge
My friends and families always ask me for some supplication and here I have collected some of most powerful supplications that is revealed in the Quran
If you find benefit from this, this is all from Allah swt. If this does not make any sense, than it is my shortcomings and nothing reflecting the Quran. May Allah swt give us knowledge so we can understand these beautiful verses.
The information here is from Tafsir Ibn Kathir. I have also consulted Scholars from Al Azhar and Medina University for further clarification on topics and subjects that was beyond my comprehension.
The reflection section are some of my personal opinions and does not have any bearing to Quran or Hadiths.
Explore topics from the Quran, Hadith, and reflections.